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Everything you need to know about nuchal chord Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT on October 20, 2017 — Written by Lana Barhum A nuchal cord occurs when the umbilical cord wraps around the fetal neck completely or for 360 degrees. Nuchal cords are common during pregnancy with incidences recorded at around 12 percent at 24–26 weeks, reaching 37 percent at full term. When an umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the neck, the loop is referred to as the nuchal cord. The term “nuchal” relates to the nape or back of the neck. Fast facts on nuchal chord: The umbilical cord carries nutrients and oxygen to the fetus in the mother’s womb. A nuchal cord might interrupt blow flow, oxygen, and nutrients to the fetus and cause complications. Fortunately, most nuchal cords will resolve before delivery. If there is concern about the cord’s enlargement, a baby may be delivered by cesarean. Even in cases where they do not resolve, the potential for problems is low. Causes The main cause of a nuchal cord is excessive fetal movement. Other medical reasons why cords may move around the neck of a fetus or may result in loose knots include: an abnormally long umbilical cord a weak cord structure excessive amniotic fluid having twins or multiples One study reported in The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India found entanglement from longer umbilical cords increased the chances of complications. It is also possible a nuchal cord is the result of a random event with no explanation. What are the risks to mother and baby? Nuchal cords are not thought to pose many risks for mother or child with research studies continuing to back this theory. A nuchal cord may only pose health risks in rare cases. A doctor is likely to monitor a baby during its delivery if they have noticed a nuchal cord in routine ultrasound imaging of the mother’s pregnancy.